Calexico ADU

Designing California’s First Permitted Hemp ADU: A Structural Perspective

When we started working on California’s first permitted hemp-based Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU), we weren’t just designing a structure — we were helping shape the future of sustainable construction. Hemp-lime is a plant-based insulation material made from the woody core of industrial hemp mixed with a natural lime binder. It’s breathable, fire-resistant, carbon-storing, and non-toxic — but it’s also not yet covered by U.S. building codes.

Our goal was to create a legal, code-compliant ADU using hemp-lime while ensuring the structure could meet California’s strict seismic and fire safety standards.

Engineering a Hybrid System

Because hemp-lime is not load-bearing, we designed a conventional post-and-beam or stud-framed system to carry all vertical and lateral loads. The hemp-lime was placed between the framing as monolithic infill insulation. This approach preserved structural integrity while allowing the walls to regulate heat and moisture naturally.

We paid special attention to:

• Lateral load resistance and bracing for seismic safety
  
  

• Fire-rated wall assemblies that integrated natural materials
  
  

• Detailing to manage vapor permeability and avoid trapped moisture
  
  

• Thermal performance aligned with energy code requirements
  
  

Getting It Permitted

With no specific building code pathway for hemp-lime in California, we had to prove it could work. I led the structural design and documentation, providing stamped calculations, details, and performance explanations to help plan reviewers understand how the system functioned.

This included:

• Custom load path analysis for both vertical and lateral forces
  
  

• Anchoring and uplift detailing at roof and foundation levels
  
  

• Coordination with fire and energy consultants
  
  

• On-call support during plan check to guide approvals
  
  

In the end, we secured a full permit — a first for a hemp-lime ADU in the state.

Why It Matters

This project wasn’t just about one small building. It was about showing that alternative, climate-positive materials can work inside the system. It challenged us to think creatively, collaborate across disciplines, and push forward without shortcuts.

It also opened the door for future projects to build on this precedent — literally and legally.